Browsing by Department "Neuroscience"
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Acute Neuropathological Alterations after Smoke Inhalation Injury, with and without Skin Burn
More than 23,000 smoke inhalation injuries are reported in the United States each year. While the pathophysiology of smoke inhalation-induced lung injury is well studied, little is known about the acute effects of smoke ... -
Adult hippocampal neurogenesis: traumatic brain injury-induced dysregulation and therapeutic potentials of a novel non-invasive nano-pulsed laser treatment
Neurogenesis, a physiological process by which new neurons are generated from neural stem cells (NSC), occurs throughout life, subverting the old dogma stating to the inability of the adult brain to replace neurons. In the ... -
Alpha Synuclein Oligomers in Human Pathology: Significance of Nitrative Alpha Synuclein Modifications
Intracellular deposition of fibrillar β-sheet aggregates of αSyn is a pathological hallmark of synucleinopathies such as Parkinson disease (PD) and dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB), which are clinically characterized by ... -
ANALYSIS OF ADULT NEUROGENESIS AND HIPPOCAMPUS-DEPENDENT MEMORY IN MOUSE MODELS FOR AGING, ALZHEIMER’S DISEASE AND CRANIAL IRRADIATION-INDUCED NEUROINFLAMMATION
Aging in the brain is a complex process that affects every living being differently. Age-associated memory decline can be mild; however, memory can deteriorate quickly with in patients with mild cognitive impairment or a ... -
Anomalies of GABAergic system associated with HIV-1 infection
Human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV) infection of the central nervous system results in cognitive and behavioral dysfunctions diagnosed as HIV-associated dementia. Findings of lowered concentrations of γ-Aminobutyric acid ... -
Applications for human neural stem cell-derived motor neurons in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: Cell replacement therapy and disease modeling
(2010-04-19)Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is an incurable neurological disease characterized by the selective degeneration of spinal and upper motor neurons. One approach in the development of therapies for ALS is to explore the ... -
Autophagy gridlock in tauopathy
Tauopathies are a group of neurodegenerative diseases characterized by the presence of intracellular aggregates containing the microtubule associated protein tau. Bulk degradation of aggregation-prone proteins can occur ... -
Bax-mediated coordination of cognate organelle cell death signaling cascades determines cell death phenotype after trauma in the neonatal rat cortex
(2007-08-07)Bax translocation to the mitochondria has been well-characterized to induce apoptotic cell death in multiple injury paradigms. However, pro-cell death actions for Bax outside of the mitochondria remain understudied. Bax’s ... -
Cellular mechanisms of environmental enrichment: Novel discovery-based strategies for target identification for neuropsychiatric disorders
Neuropsychiatric disorders such as anxiety, depression, and substance use disorders are highly prevalent disorders and immensely costly to society. Treatment options are limited, and cocaine use disorder in particular, has ... -
Characterization of Codon Optimized Wild Type TDP-43 Mediated Neurodegeneration in a Drosophila Model for ALS.
TAR DNA Binding Protein-43 (TDP-43) is known to mediate neurodegeneration associated with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and frontotemporal lobar degeneration-ubiquitin (FTLD-U). The exact mechanism by which TDP-43 ... -
Characterization of Tau Oligomeric Strains: Implications for Disease Phenotypes
Neurodegenerative diseases are prevalent, costly and debilitating conditions that are commonly characterized by the aggregation of tau protein. While original studies of Alzheimer’s disease noted the presence of tau ... -
Critical role of ROS in capsaicin-induced hyperalgesia
(2008-01-28)Recent studies indicate that reactive oxygen species (ROS) are critically involved in persistent pain primarily through spinal mechanisms, thus suggesting ROS involvement in central sensitization. To investigate ROS ... -
Effects of tumor necrosis factor alpha on nitric oxide synthase in nerve growth factor-responding cells
(2005-07-13)Increased cytokine levels have been observed in post mortem brains of Alzheimer Disease (AD) patients accompanied by a decrease in nerve growth factor (NGF)-responsive cholinergic neurons. I report a synergistic effect ... -
Epigenetic Regulation of Neurogenesis in Non-Demented Humans with Alzheimer’s Disease Neuropathology
This project was designed to investigate the role of neurogenesis and its epigenetic regulation by microRNA in the preservation of cognition against Alzheimer’s disease. This was accomplished by comparing by immunohistochemistry ... -
Evaluating the Effect of Chronic Alcohol, Cocaine, and Co-Administration on Endogenous Adult Neural Stem Cell Survival, Differentiation, and Proliferation
Cocaine and alcohol are two of the most commonly co-abused substances, and the third most fatal drug combination. Efforts in drug addiction research primarily focus on preventing or stopping abuse; however little work is ... -
The expression of muscarinc acetylcholine receptors on the avian vestibular hair cells and the modulation effects on KIR2.1
(2008-11-26)The major neurotransmitter released from the vestibular efferent terminals onto hair cells is acetylcholine (ACh). Two types of acetylcholine receptors (AChRs) have been suggested to be located on hair cells (HCs). They ... -
Female-Specific Mechanisms of Nociplastic Pain in Murine Model
Normally resolving pain can transition into chronic nociplastic pain, which predominately affects women. To facilitate mechanistic studies on nociplastic pain, we developed a murine model in which postinjury thermal ... -
Glia-mediated mechanisms of HIV-1-gp120-induced Synaptic Degeneration
HIV-1 infection of the nervous system causes various neurologic diseases. Synaptic degeneration is a critical underlying neurological pathology. However, the mechanism by which HIV-1 causes synaptic degeneration is unclear. ... -
Group III mGluR8 negatively modulates TRP channels
Several lines of evidence indicate group III metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluRs) have systemic anti-hyperalgesic effects. We hypothesized this could occur through modulation of TRP channels on nociceptors. The following ... -
HEM-protein regulates cell migration and asymmetric cell division during development of the ventral nerve cord in Drosophila melanogaster
(2010-07-08)Cell migration and asymmetric cell division are two of the key events during development of the nervous system. I have focused on a typical neuronal lineage, NB4-2→GMC-1→RP2/sib, in the ventral nerve cord (VNC) of the ...