West Nile virus (WNV) is an encephalitic flavivirus that is maintained worldwide in a transmission cycle between birds and mosquitoes. Domain III of its envelope protein is the target of highly specific and potently ...

Recombination is a mechanism whereby positive sense single stranded RNA viruses exchange segments of genetic information. Recent phylogenetic analyses of naturally occurring recombinant flaviviruses have raised concerns ...

Numerous monoclonal antibody (MAb) binding resistant mutations have been localized to the envelope protein domain-3 (ED3) of flaviviruses. Previously it was shown that regions constituting antibody binding sites of dengue-2 ...

Ixodid ticks are hematophagous arthropods that feed on host animals for an extended period of time. To facilitate feeding, ticks secrete a complex mixture of salivary molecules that inhibit host responses such as coagulation, ...

Following the introduction of West Nile virus (WNV) into New York in 1999, the virus continues to evolve in the U.S. with the emergence, extinction, and co-circulation of multiple, distinct U.S. genotypes. Despite annual ...

Infectious reporter flaviviruses have been reported since 2003, and they have the potential to be utilized in diverse scientific areas such as investigating viral pathology, conducting high-throughput drug screens, running ...