Biomarkers of Human Exposure and Effect to Petrogenic Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons

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dc.creatorYap, Dianne Aster Yunque
dc.creator.orcid0000-0002-5372-2555
dc.date.accessioned2021-09-01T15:22:19Z
dc.date.available2021-09-01T15:22:19Z
dc.date.created2021-12
dc.date.submittedDecember 2021
dc.date.updated2021-09-01T15:22:20Z
dc.description.abstractSafety of seafood harvested from the Gulf of Mexico has been a primary concern since the 2010 Deepwater Horizon (DWH) oil spill. Petrogenic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) found in crude oil have the potential to bioaccumulate in seafood and render consumers vulnerable to adverse health effects. Despite the knowledge that alkylated PAHs abundant in petrogenic PAH mixtures can be potent activators of the Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor (AhR) which mediates the formation of PAH toxic metabolites, there has been very limited research done on the human health impacts of petrogenic PAHs. Moreover, biomonitoring protocols applied after the DWH oil spill were predicated on pyrogenic PAHs commonly produced through combustion processes that are not representative of the petrogenic PAHs found in oil. Using an optimized Chemically Activated LUciferase gene eXpression (CALUX) bioassay, highly bioactive PAHs in longitudinally collected plasma samples of DWH oil spill-affected human populations were identified as biomarkers of petrogenic PAH exposure. Additionally, Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) and quantitative Real Time – Polymerase Chain Reaction (qRT-PCR) were used to identify and verify differentially expressed circulating plasma microRNAs that may serve as novel minimally invasive biomarkers of effect following exposures to bioactive PAHs including those found in contaminated seafood. The development of novel PAH biomonitoring methods will lend scientific support to toxicological risk assessments and management of human exposures to harmful PAHs.
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdf
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/2152.3/11350
dc.subjectPAHs
dc.subjectpolycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons
dc.subjectpetrogenic
dc.subjectpyrogenic
dc.subjectcrude oil
dc.subjectDeepwater Horizon oil spill
dc.subjectGulf of Mexico
dc.subjectmicroRNA
dc.subjectbiomarkers
dc.subjectbiomarkers of exposure
dc.subjectbiomarkers of effect
dc.subjectaryl hydrocarbon receptor
dc.subjectAhR
dc.subjectoil spill
dc.subjectoffshore drilling
dc.subjectfossil fuel
dc.subjectenvironmental toxicology
dc.subjecttoxicology
dc.subjectGC-HARMS
dc.subjectGulf Coast
dc.subjectenvironmental health
dc.subjectcommunity-based participatory research
dc.subjecttotal PAH body burden
dc.subjectCALUX
dc.titleBiomarkers of Human Exposure and Effect to Petrogenic Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons
dc.typeThesis
dc.type.materialtext
thesis.degree.departmentPharmacology and Toxicology
thesis.degree.grantorThe University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston
thesis.degree.levelDoctoral
thesis.degree.namePharmacology and Toxicology (Doctoral)

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