Placental P-glycoprotein: Role in disposition of medications administered during pregnancy

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dc.contributor.advisorShakeel Ansarien_US
dc.contributor.committeeMemberMahmoud S. Ahmeden_US
dc.contributor.committeeMemberJose M. Barralen_US
dc.contributor.committeeMemberJohn E. Ladburyen_US
dc.contributor.committeeMemberGary D.V. Hankinsen_US
dc.creatorSarah J Hemaueren_US
dc.date.accessioned2011-12-20T16:04:50Z
dc.date.available2010-09-28en_US
dc.date.available2011-12-20T16:04:50Z
dc.date.created2010-07-06en_US
dc.date.issued2010-05-17en_US
dc.description.abstractThe placenta supports fetal growth and regulates the bio-distribution of substances between the maternal and fetal circulation. Active efflux transporters in the placental apical membrane are involved in placental elimination of compounds and thus fetal protection. The goal of this investigation was to evaluate developmental and genetic influences on expression and activity of the placental efflux transporter P-glycoprotein (P-gp) and its role in regulating the placental distribution of medications used during pregnancy. P-gp expression and transport activity were defined in brush border membrane vesicles prepared from human placenta of various gestational ages. The expression and transport activity of P-gp declined progressively throughout gestation. There was a lack of correlation between P-gp expression and activity in individual samples, which may be influenced by three polymorphisms in the Multidrug Resistance 1 (MDR1) gene encoding P-gp associated with decreased protein expression yet increased transport activity in these patients. P-gp was found to transport medications used in the treatment of conditions during pregnancy: namely opiate dependence, cigarette smoking, and gestational diabetes. Considerations of P-gp involvement in placental distribution must therefore be taken into account when planning therapy of these conditions during pregnancy. Finally, the need for an in vivo animal model for studying placental P-gp transport of investigational drugs during pregnancy led to our identification of the baboon as a comparable model to human placental P-gp expression and activity. Future studies should investigate gene-wide analysis of functional MDR1 variants and the in vivo role of placental P-gp in the disposition of medications used during pregnancy.en_US
dc.format.mediumelectronicen_US
dc.identifier.otheretd-07062010-172829en_US
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/2152.3/142
dc.language.isoengen_US
dc.rightsCopyright © is held by the author. Presentation of this material on the TDL web site by The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston was made possible under a limited license grant from the author who has retained all copyrights in the works.en_US
dc.subjectplacentaen_US
dc.subjectp-glycoproteinen_US
dc.subjectMDR1en_US
dc.titlePlacental P-glycoprotein: Role in disposition of medications administered during pregnancyen_US
dc.type.genredissertationen_US
dc.type.materialtexten_US
thesis.degree.departmentBiochemistry and Molecular Biologyen_US
thesis.degree.grantorThe University of Texas Medical Branchen_US
thesis.degree.levelDoctoralen_US
thesis.degree.namePhDen_US

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